cyanobacteria or a similar desert varnish microorganism:
Mars Perseverance Sol 534: SuperCam Camera
NASA's Mars Perseverance rover acquired this image using the SuperCam Remote Micro-Imager, located at the top of the rover's mast.
This image was acquired on Aug. 21, 2022 (Sol 534) at the local mean solar time of 16:17:15.
Image Credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech/LANL/CNES/IRAP
Likely: "desert varnish, a dark, shiny coating on rocks in arid locations"
https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1570605
https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1029/2007JG000677